Homeric Hymn to Demeter 261

As I note in the Homeric Hymn to Demeter 259-267, the goddess Demeter foretells the tīmē aphthitos, ‘unwilting honor’ (verses 261, 263), of a seasonally-recurring athletic event that the hero Dēmophōn will receive as a compensation for his death (verses 265-267). Similarly in the Iliad, the goddess Thetis foretells the kleos aphthiton, ‘unwilting glory’ (9.413), that the hero Achilles will receive as a compensation for his own death:

|410 My mother Thetis, goddess with silver steps, tells me that |411 I carry the burden of two different fated ways [kēres] leading to the final moment [telos] of death. |412 If I stay here and fight at the walls of the city of the Trojans, |413 then my safe homecoming [nostos] will be destroyed for me, but I will have a glory [kleos] that is unwilting [aphthiton]. |414 Whereas if I go back home, returning to the dear land of my forefathers, |415 then it is my glory [kleos], genuine [esthlon] as it is, that will be destroyed for me, but my life force [aiōn] will then |416 last me a long time, and the final moment [telos] of death will not be swift in catching up with me.

Iliad 9.410-416

The parallelisms in the wording that we see in these two passages highlight the parallelisms between Dēmophōn and Achilles as heroes who are linked with festivals. Just as the tīmē, ‘honor’, of the hero Dēmophōn takes the form of a seasonally recurring athletic event that is aphthitos, ‘unwilting’ (Hymn to Demeter 261, 263), because it will last forever, eternally recycled at the festival of the Eleusinian Games, so also the kleos, ‘glory’, of the hero Achilles takes the form of a seasonally recurring poetic event that is aphthiton, ‘unwilting’ (Iliad 9.413), because it too will last forever, eternally recycled in the context of a festival like the Panathenaia.